California Teacher Credentialing Examination (CSET) Practice Test 2026 - Free CSET Practice Questions and Study Guide

The Peace of Westphalia, concluded in 1648, is significant for establishing the principle of state sovereignty and recognizing the autonomy of various entities within Europe. Among these, the authority of German princes was explicitly acknowledged as independent from external control, particularly that of the Holy Roman Empire and the Catholic Church. This recognition was crucial because it allowed for the emergence of a more fragmented and decentralized political structure within the German territories, granting local rulers greater power and autonomy to govern their lands.

The other options reflect authorities that, while influential, were not granted the same level of independence through the Peace of Westphalia. The Pope's authority continued to influence European politics, but the treaty did not recognize it as independent in the same manner. The authority of the French monarchy did not face significant challenges in the context of the Peace of Westphalia, and while the Catholic Church held sway, its power was increasingly challenged, particularly in regions like Germany. Thus, the recognition of the authority of German princes stands out as a pivotal development of this historical agreement.