California Teacher Credentialing Examination (CSET) Practice Test 2025 - Free CSET Practice Questions and Study Guide

The choice of Benin as notably wealthy and powerful until European contact is supported by the significant economic and political structures that civilization established in West Africa prior to the arrival of Europeans. The Kingdom of Benin was known for its advanced governance systems, thriving trade networks, and rich cultural heritage. Its wealth derived largely from its extensive trade in resources such as ivory, gold, and ideal access to the palm oil trade, which were in high demand.

Additionally, Benin's political power was underscored by its sophisticated leadership and organizational capacity, evident in its impressive city planning and architecture, particularly the famed Benin Bronzes that highlight the kingdom's artistic achievements. This advanced society had established diplomatic and trading relationships with various regions long before European engagement, showcasing its significance in pre-colonial West Africa.

While other options represent powerful states as well, their prominence varied depending on the time period and context. For instance, Mali and Songhai were crucial centers of wealth and culture, particularly regarding trade in gold and education in cities like Timbuktu. Zimbabwe was known for its impressive architectural achievements and trade systems but was located further south, often not associated with the same level of wealth at the specific time of European contact as Benin.

By identifying Benin as the