California Teacher Credentialing Examination (CSET) Practice Test 2025 - Free CSET Practice Questions and Study Guide

The Abbasid dynasty successfully overthrew the Umayyads in a pivotal event known as the Abbasid Revolution, which took place in 750 CE. This revolution stemmed from widespread discontent among various groups within the Muslim community, particularly non-Arab Muslims and those who felt marginalized under Umayyad rule.

The Abbasids capitalized on this dissatisfaction and were able to garner support from various factions, including the Shi'a and some discontented segments of the Arab population. After their victory, the Abbasids established a new capital in Baghdad, which became a major cultural, intellectual, and economic center of the Islamic world. This shift marked a significant transformation in the political landscape of the time, leading to the end of the Umayyad dynasty's rule and the rise of Abbasid influence, which is often considered a golden age of Islamic culture and scholarship.

The other options represent different historical developments; for example, the Ottomans rose to power much later, while the Seljuks played a key role in the Islamic world and the Mongols are known for their invasions rather than for overthrowing the Umayyads.